With the improvement of living standards and the rapid development of industry, the demand for material resources is growing. Nowadays, both developed and developing countries consider the occupation of resources and the development of resources as strategic measures. Material extraction has also led to the development of mining technology, mining technology day by day, there has been a large number of efficient, safe, low-cost mining technology and methods.
The mining technology in the United States is the most developed, and its open pit mining equipment has two of the most prominent features: First, large-scale mining equipment, and second, equipment automation and intelligence. Since the 1990s, the single-board computer real-time monitoring of large-scale open-pit equipment in the United States has been widely used.
Its underground mining equipment has the following characteristics:
1)Equipment Jackie Chan supporting high degree of mechanization. Foreign advanced underground mining equipment from rock drilling to shipment, all downhole mechanization supporting operations, all procedures without manual manual operation, no heavy manual labor. Various types of hydraulic drilling rig, hydraulic rock drill, diesel or electric and remote control scraper is a very common basic equipment. In order to adapt to mechanized Jackie Chan facilities, large-scale equipment, miniaturization, serialization, standardization, high degree of generalization.
2)Equipment without track, hydraulic, high degree of automation. Foreign advanced mining equipment has been fully realized the trackless, hydraulic. In automation, we have successfully introduced new technologies such as driverless robotics and robotics.
3)Equipment and technical performance is mature, high reliability. At present, the deepest mine in the world is located in the west of Johannesburg, South Africa. Among them, No.3 and No.3 wells exceed 3500 meters, which is the deepest place human beings can reach. The deepest mine in the United States, located in the Homestok Gold Mine in South Dakota, is the oldest and most deeply buried mine in North America. It has a 130-year history and a depth of 2,500 meters.
About the Mining Technology:
1.Leaching technology
Currently in the recovery of low grade copper, gold ore, uranium ore has been widely used in the leaching technology, leaching in situ leaching, heap leaching and in situ crushing leaching three categories. The United States, Canada, Australia and other countries deal with 0.15% -0.45% low grade copper ore, copper oxide ore more than 2% and 0.02% -0.1% uranium ore are basically heap leaching and in situ blasting leaching recovery.
2.Deep mining technology
Due to the increase of mining resources, the resources are decreasing and the relatively shallow technologies of deep mining are relatively more abundant. The technical support of deep mining is higher. As the depth deepens, the difficulties encountered are also more and more, Increase, drainage and ventilation problems, rock formation temperature increase. Nowadays, the mining depth of non-coal mines in our country is generally no more than 700-800m, but in recent years some deposits with a depth of about 1000m have been developed.
3.Intelligent underground mine
The development of science and technology, artificial speed has lagged far behind the smart machine, due to the use of smart devices, making mining efficiency greatly increased, reducing the potential safety hazard. Due to the investment in the intelligent system of iron ore mining, the mining management system and staffing must be completed. Highly automated and intelligent mining systems and equipment are key to ensuring safe and efficient mining.
4.Filling mining technology is widely used
According to different situations, using different filling materials. Filling technology used internationally: water sand filling, dry filling, high water solid filling, cement filling. Cementing filling is divided into: sub-paragraph tailings hydraulic filling, filling other hydraulic filling (high concentration of self-slip delivery), all-tailing paste self-slip paste filling and tailing paste pump. At present, the international recommendation is full tailings paste pump filling. The new filling technology will be able to better meet the requirements of protecting resources, protecting the environment, improving efficiency and ensuring the development of mines. Filling the mining industry in the 21st century will have a more extensive prospect of development.